Confusion frustration uncertainty....

'ELIS – INFORMATION SEARCH PROCESS, Kuhlthau; Bates & Maack Eds. 1

INFORMATION SEARCH PROCESS

By Carol Collier Kuhlthau

The Information Search Process (ISP) is a six stage model of the users’ holistic

experience in the process of information seeking. The ISP model, based on two decades

of empirical research, identifies three realms of experience: the affective (feelings), the

cognitive (thoughts) and the physical (actions) common to each stage. These studies were

among the first to investigate the affective aspects or the feelings of a person in the

process of information seeking along with the cognitive and physical aspects. Central to

the ISP is the notion that uncertainty, both affective and cognitive, increases and

decreases in the process of information seeking. A principle of uncertainty for

information seeking is proposed that states that information commonly increases

uncertainty in the early stages of the search process. Increased uncertainty indicates a

zone of intervention for intermediaries and system designers'.

Confusion frustration uncertainty.... AMEN! I can relate to those feelings...but once on track..bring it on! Students flounder and some charge ahead cut and paste with little knowledge gained
Herring's PLUS more suited for my students - simpler format , reviewing, revising steps to keep on track. Big6 complex steps ..independent learners Big3 too simple ok for K - 3 intro into using guided inquiry